Investigators Seek Data Deleted From Malaysian Pilot’s Flight Simulator

A relative of a passenger on the lost flight cried while speaking with members of the news media on Wednesday at Kuala Lumpur International Airport. Credit Azhar Rahim/European Pressphoto Agency

International New York Times | 19 March 2014

SEPANG, Malaysia — The authorities here said Wednesday that they were trying to recover data deleted from a flight simulator custom-built by the pilot of the missing Malaysia Airlines jet, whose actions, along with those of his first officer, have fallen under growing scrutiny.

At a news briefing Wednesday that began after Chinese protesters representing relatives of passengers on the lost flight burst in and demanded information from the Malaysian government, officials said that investigators had recruited “local and international expertise” to examine the flight simulator taken from the home of the captain, Zaharie Ahmad Shah. They discovered that its data records had been cleared on Feb. 3, more than a month before the March 8 flight that vanished with 239 people on board after veering off its scheduled route from Kuala Lumpur to Beijing.

“The experts are looking at what are the logs, what has been cleared,” said Tan Sri Khalid Bin Abu Bakar, inspector general of the police, who declined to comment further. Flight simulators, computer programs often used in pilot training, can often replicate specific airports and flight paths.

The Malaysian defense minister, Hishammuddin Hussein, said the authorities had received background checks from the countries of all the passengers on the plane except Ukraine and Russia. “So far, no information of significance on any passengers has been found,” he said.

Because of evidence suggesting that whoever diverted the missing Boeing 777-200 knew how to disable the plane’s communications systems and make course changes, investigators have been closely examining Mr. Zaharie, 53, a veteran pilot with more than two decades of experience, and his co-pilot, Fariq Abdul Hamid, 27. But Mr. Hishammuddin cautioned that “the passengers, the pilots and the crew remain innocent until proven otherwise.”

“For the sake of their families, I ask that we refrain from any unnecessary speculation that might make an already difficult time even harder,” he said.

Earlier Wednesday, Australian organizers of one part of the vast search for the missing jet said that they had reduced their search area in the southern Indian Ocean by half. John Young, general manager for the Australian Maritime Safety Authority’s emergency response division, said the focus had been narrowed using new data analysis of the plane’s likely fuel consumption.

The revised area of focus in the Australian-led part of the search covers 89,000 square nautical miles, roughly 1,200 nautical miles southwest of the Australian city of Perth, Mr. Young said. He said the airborne searchers had found no traces of debris that could be from the jet. The searchers’ view of the water was good and they were able to spot marine life, “so we know we can make sightings, but there were no results relevant to the search,” Mr. Young said.

Like other officials involved in the multinational search, Mr. Young stressed the difficulty of finding the plane, let alone possible survivors, more than a week and a half after the jet disappeared.

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Credit Ahmad Yusni/European Pressphoto Agency

Search Area Expanded for Missing Plane

Malaysia’s defense minister, Hishammuddin Hussein, said countries including Australia, China, Indonesia and Kazakhstan were working together in the search for Malaysia Airlines Flight 370.

“We still have grave fears for the safety of anyone that may have managed to escape the aircraft in the southern ocean. It remains a big area,” Mr. Young said. “There is a lot of work to be done yet.”

The frustrations felt by family members and friends of the missing passengers, who have waited 11 days for some indication of what happened, erupted before the briefing Wednesday in a hotel conference room in Sepang. As reporters waited for the briefing to begin, several protesters who said they represented families of the passengers unfurled a banner that read, “We oppose the Malaysian government concealing the truth. Delaying time for saving lives.”

“We’ve waited, and waited, and waited, and Malaysia Airlines says kind words, but the Malaysian government hasn’t told us anything,” said one of the protesters, Xu Dengwang, a middle-aged man from Beijing who said a relative was on Flight 370. After a struggle, the police eventually removed the banner and forced the protesters from the room.

About two-thirds of the missing passengers are Chinese citizens, and some of their family members have come to Malaysia hoping for news about the plane. The protesters said that until now they had been prevented from telling the press of their mounting frustration with the Malaysian government’s erratic response.

Mr. Young of Australia said four military aircraft used for surveillance had been assigned to the search area on Wednesday: two long-range Royal Australian Air Force AP-3C Orions, one P-3K Orion from New Zealand and a P-8 Poseidon from the United States.

“We are getting some reasonable coverage of the area,” he said. “We have also had three ships in the area.”

Graphic: The Search Area West of Australia

But searchers are confronted with sobering limits on their reach across the seas. The plane’s whereabouts remain little more than a matter of educated guesswork, based on satellite signals and other data gleaned by analysts.

“A needle in a haystack remains a good analogy,” Mr. Young said Tuesday.

A satellite over the Indian Ocean received a final transmission from an automatic data system on Flight 370 hours after the last radio or radar contact, leading investigators to deduce that the plane had sent it from somewhere along one of two long, arcing corridors that together encompass 2.24 million square nautical miles, Mr. Hishammuddin, the Malaysian defense minister, said Tuesday. That is an area the size of the continental United States, excluding California.

The jet, which had been headed to Beijing, abruptly turned back over the Gulf of Thailand early on March 8. Around that time, its communication links were severed, and it cut across peninsular Malaysia and out over the Strait of Malacca. The plane’s final blips to a satellite indicate it headed west toward the Indian Ocean and then turned to take one of two possible corridors, either north or south.

One of the two arcs reaches from northern Laos to Central Asia. At the time of the last satellite contact, the plane would be at the Laotian end of the arc if it traveled at the slow end of its possible speed, or in Kazakhstan near the Caspian Sea if it traveled at top speed. Any speed in between would have put the plane somewhere in western or southwestern China, including remote, mountainous terrain in Tibet. By then, more than seven hours after it took off, the plane was most likely running low on fuel.

If the plane had instead traveled on the southern arc, it may have been anywhere from Indonesia to the southern Indian Ocean, west of Australia, when it was last in contact with a satellite.

Officials have said that the plane’s abrupt deviation from its normal flight path most likely involved deliberate intervention by an experienced aviator, making the two men assigned to the cockpit — Mr. Zaharie and Mr. Fariq — focal points of attention.

American officials have said that the sharp turn to the west was achieved using a computer system on the plane, and that the turn was most likely programmed into it by someone in the cockpit who was knowledgeable about airplane systems.