តើ មីក្រូឥណទាន នៅប្រទេសកម្ពុជា ធ្វើឲ្យអ្នកខ្ចីលុយ កាន់តែ មានឡើង ឬកាន់តែ ក្រទៅ?
មីក្រូឥណទាន គឺ ជាការ ឲ្យខ្ចីលុយ ពីក្រុមហ៊ុន ដែលដើរតួ ជាធនាគា
ដោយសារតែ កសិករ តូចតាច ទាំងនោះ
ជំហាន ទីមួយ ដើម្បី ទ្រទ្រង់ជីវភាព របស់ កសិករ គឺ ត្រូវតែ បំបាត់សិទ្ធិ ផ្តាច់មុខ របស់ ឈ្មួញកណ្តាល ដើម្បី បញ្ចុះតម្លៃ ទំនិញ មកពី
DOES MICROCREDIT IN CAMBODIA ENRICH BORROWERS OR MAKE THEM POORER AND POORER?
In general, any credit takes the form of a loan for the
borrower to use to become richer. But in present Cambodia countless
people, especially farmers borrow money from institutions such as ACLEDA
(a microfinance company) only to cover operating losses, which occur
every year. Therefore those farmers don’t use loans to start or make any
business more prosper but only to cover recurrent losses related to
their existing farming activities so as to avoid bankruptcy and death.
The basic problem is the current agricultural system put in place by
the government which squeezes small farmers who cannot survive under the
present conditions and are compelled to borrow more and more money
every year.
Farmers are squeezed when they have to buy inputs
(fertilizers, pesticides, gasoline) at excessively high prices and when
they have to sell their farm products at excessively low prices.
Commercial abuses at both ends of the production process are the result
of government corruption that allows commercial monopolies and
monopsonies leading to unfair buying and selling prices for farmers.
Because those farmers cannot make any profit out of their farms to
reimburse their loans, they lose their houses and farmlands that are
used as collaterals. This is the reason why farmers are getting more
and more destitute and why an increasing number of Cambodian farmers are
forced to leave the country to work as migrant workers in Thailand.
The first step to help improve farmers’ living conditions is a matter
of political will: the government must suppress corruption-related
commercial monopolies and monopsonies so as to decrease the prices of
foreign-made goods used as inputs in agriculture and to increase the
prices of local farm products.
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